HOLLAND
The
County, first described as such from 1101; previous rulers governed the
area as "Counts of Frisia" or "Counts of Kennemerland". The coastal lands
between the Rhine delta and the Zuider Sea, Holland is the core of what
would develop into the Netherlands.
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County of West Frisia
(The northern part of the province
of North-Holland, including the island of Texel
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GERULFING
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Gerulf I...................................fl. 833-856
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Gerulf II..................................fl. 885-889
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Dirk I.....................................fl. 921-928
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Dirk I (apparently different from above)...fl. 928-939
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Dirk II..................................c. 939 ? -988
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Arnulf of Ghent................................988-993
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Dirk III Jerusalem-Farer.......................993-1039
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Dirk IV.......................................1039-1049
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Florent I.....................................1049-1061
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County of Holland
(Possibly named as such from c. 1083,
certainly by 1101.
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Dirk V........................................1061-1091
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Florent II the Fat............................1091-1121
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Dirk VI.......................................1121-1157
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Florent III...................................1157-1190
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Dirk VII......................................1190-1203
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Willem I......................................1203-1222
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Florent IV....................................1222-1234
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Willem II.....................................1234-1256
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Florent V the Peasant's God...................1256-1296
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Jan I.........................................1296-1299
- AVESNES
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Jan II (Count of Hainault 1257-1304)..........1299-1304
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Willem III (Count of Hainault)................1304-1337
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Willem IV (Count of Hainault).................1337-1345
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Margaret II (Countess of Hainault)(fem.).......1345-1349
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WITTELSBACH-Bayern-StraubingCAPET-Burgundy
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Willem V the Mad Count (Count of Hainault)....1349-1389
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Albert (Regent 1358-89: Count of Hainault)....1389-1404
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Willem VI (Count of Hainault).................1404-1417
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Jacquette (Countess of Hainault)(fem.).........1417-1433
d. 1436: opposed by...
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Capet-Burgundy
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John IV, Duke of Brabant 1418, 1425. d. 1427
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John of Bavaria (Bp. Liege 1389-1418, C. Hainault)...1417-1425
and then...
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To Burgundy...................................1428-1504
- The situation in Hainault-Holland-Zeeland
1417-1433 defies easy classification in a list which, standing by itself,
would be misleading. Here is a brief foray into this period, for additional
clarification. Jacquette ruled 1417-1433, but 1428-1433 under the tutelage
of Philip the Good, duke of Burgundy. She married 1418 her first cousin
John IV, Duke of Brabant and Limburg (ruler of those duchies 1415-1427).
But John didn't assume authority within the three counties Holland, Zeeland
and Hainault - Jacquette and John were to be co-rulers, but John ceded
his right to rule for 12 years to John of Bavaria, the former John VI of
Bavaria-Hainault, bishop of Liege (1389-1418). This John of Bavaria (House
of Wittelsbach, uncle of Jacquette and younger brother of count William
VI (IV)) was a real opponent of Jacquette 1418-1425, until he was poisoned
in 1425. When John of Bavaria died, his right to rule was restored to John
IV of Brabant who, once again, didn't assume rule in Holland, Zeeland and
Hainault but ceded his rights to Philip of Burgundy. A civil war (1425-8)
followed between the adherents of Jacquette and the supporters Philip,
until Jacquette gave way (1428). Jacquette was allowed to rule under the
tutelage of Philip of Burgundy, 1428-1433, but she was forbidden to remarry
without consent of Philip, her mother, and the States of Holland, Zeeland,
and Hainault. When she did, in fact, remarry (1433) to Frank van Borselen
(member of the high nobility), she was dismissed. She died 1436. Her
successor thereafter as Count of Holland, Zeeland and Hainault
(1433-1467) was Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy.
- CAPET-Burgundy
- Philip the Good...............................1433-1467
- Charles the Rash..............................1467-1477
- Marie (fem.)...................................1477-1482
- HABSBURG
- Philip (King of Castile 1504-1506)............1482-1506
- Charles (Cast. 1506-56, Aragon 1516-56, HRE)..1506-1555 d. 1558
- Philip (K. of Spain, Naples, Sicily, Port.)...1555-1581 d. 1598
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To the United Provinces (The Netherlands) thereafter...
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Hollander Estates
AMSTELLAND (and the City of Amsterdam) A
territory comprising the area of the modern Amsterdam and its
surroundings. Its history is linked with the Amstel river and the
growth of the city of Amsterdam. The river was important in medieval
times as a waterway leading to the south and to Utrecht. The oldest
settlement in the area was Ouderkerk aan de Amstel, which dated from
the 11th century (and thus is older than Amsterdam itself, which
was at this time was a small fishing village at the mouth of the
Amstel). This area was part of the demesne of the Van Amstel family,
which had held the district from c. 1105 as servants (ministeriales) of
the bishop of Utrecht and later for some years as vassals of the count
of Holland (until 1296).
- Lordship of Amstelland
- A fief of the bishopric of Utrecht.........c. 1000-1278/9
- Wolfgerus............................fl. 1105-1131
- Egbert (I)...........................fl. 1131-1172 d. 1172/76
- Gijsbrecht I ........................fl. 1176-? 1188
- Engelbrecht (Egbert II) (existence uncertain)...? 1188-? 1200
- Gijsbrecht II (L. of IJsselstein ca. 1230-c. 1243)...? 1200-c. 1243
- He was the first of his line to call himself ‘dominus de Amstelle’.
- Gijsbrecht II (L. of IJsselstein c. 1243-52)...c. 1243-1252
- Division between itself and IJsselstein
- Gijsbrecht IV ................................1252-1296 d. 1303
- He was one of the murderers of count Florence V of Holland and forfeited his lordship of Amstelland.
- Enfeoffed to Holland.............1278/79 (or 1285)-1296
- To Holland but not annexed as such............1296-1317
- AVESNES
- Guy (bishop of Utrecht 1301-1317)........1300-1317 opposed by...
- AMSTEL
- Jan......................................1303-1304 d. 1345
- To Holland thereafter...
- The City of Amsterdam This city emerged as a fishing
village in the 13th century. Amsterdam is first mentioned by name in a
grant of a toll privilege by count Floris V of Holland in 1275. It was
granted a full charter in 1306, and rapidly developed as a port
thereafter. During the Eighty Years War (1568-1648), when Antwerp
was recaptured and the Scheldt closed by Spanish troops in 1585,
Amsterdam expanded greatly by the addition of Protestant
refugees. Though the Hague was the political capital of the United
Provinces, Amsterdam quickly assumed a dominant position as a
financial, trade, and cultural nexus, and was made capital of
Holland, and later of the Netherlands (although the Seat of Government
is situated in the Hague).
- To Utrecht.................................c. 1250-1278/85
- To Holland.................................1278/85-1433
- To Burgundy...................................1433-1482
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To Spain......................................1482-1578
- To the United Provinces.......................1578-1787
- Occupied by Prussian troops........................1787
- To the United Provinces.......................1787-1795
- To the Batavian Republic......................1795-1806
- To the Kingdom of Holland.....................1806-1810
- To France.....................................1810-1813
- Occupied by Allied Forces.....................1813-1814
- To the Netherlands............................1814-1940
- Occupied by Germany...........................1940-1945
- To the Netherlands............................1945-
PUTTEN One of the South Holland islands, southwest of
Rotterdam, to the east of the lordship of Voorne with the Bernisse as
boundary river. Its first administrative centre was the castle of
Puttenstein until 1304 and after its destruction the castle of
Geervliet. Putten was a fief of Holland and Voorne, detached from
the lordship of Voorne ca. 1200. Its ruling family presumably descended
from the Persijns, lords of Velsen and Waterland. Putten entered into a
personal union with Strijen in 1294. Both lordships were attached to
the county of Holland in 1459 and annexed in 1477. It was then ruled by
the baillif (Dutch: ruwaard)
of Putten. A famous ruwaard was Cornelis de Witt, brother of
Raadspensionaris Johan de Witt - both murdered in 1672 when the Dutch
Republic was simultanously attacked by England, France, Cologne and
Münster.
- VOORNE
- Hugo......................................fl. 1174-1189 d. 1189
- Lord of the parish ‘Putten along the Striene’, vassal of Voorne
- Name unknown (fem.).............................fl. c. 1200 with...
- PERSIJN ?
- Jan I..........................................fl. 1216
- He was perhaps a (half?)brother of Jan I, lord of Velsen
- Nicolaas I................................fl. 1229-1247
- ? Jan II (existence uncertain)
- Nicolaas II...............................fl. 1268-1275 d. 1275/6
- Nicolaas III..............................fl. 1276-1311 d. 1311 with...
- STRIJEN
- Aleid I.......................................1294-1316
- Strijen to Putten.............................1316-1459/77
- PERSIJN ?
- Beatrijs (lady of Strijen 1311-1354).....1316-1354 with...
- ZOTTEGHEM
- Hugo.....................................1316-1321 and...
- DAMPIERRE
- Gwy (Gwijde, Guy) of Richebourg..........1321-ca.1345
- PERSIJN ?
- Aleid II (fem.)...........................1354-1361 with...
- PRAET
- Boudewijn................................1354-1360
- ZUYLEN
- Zweder (lord of Abcoude and Gaasbeek)....1361-1400
- Jacob (lord of Abcoude and Gaasbeek).....1400-1459
- He made 1456 Philip the
Fair, duke of Burgundy, count of Holland etc. his heir. Putten and
Strijen were taken over by Philip in 1459 when Jacob of Gaasbeek died.
- To Holland but not annexed as such 1459-1477
- CAPET-BURGUNDY
- Charles the Rash (Duke of Burgundy, etc. 1467-77)...1459-1477
- To Holland thereafter...
STRIJEN A lordship
which extended over the Hoeksewaard (one of the South Holland islands) and the
very northwest of Brabant, between Rotterdam (26 km) and Antwerp (76 km). The
early history of Strijen is poorly known. A pagus Stryna or Struona is
mentioned in the 10th century. Strijen was supposed to have
originated as an allodial principality ca. 630 – the Strijen legend – but this
view isn’t shared by present regional historians. The lordship of Strijen is
for the first time mentioned during the 12th century, when it was
apparently a fief of Brabant. It was united with Putten in a personal union
1294/1316-1459, until it was annexed to the county of Holland (1459/1477).
- A fief of Brabant ? -1203
- Vastraad.......................................fl. 1167
- Willem I.................................fl. betw. 1177/89
- A fief of Holland and sub-fief of Brabant 1203-1307
- Hugo...........................................fl. 1213
- Willem II.................................fl. 1224-1244
- Willem III................................fl. 1252-1256 d. ca. 1256
- Willem IV.................................fl. 1275-1283 d. 1293/4
- Aleid I (fem.).................................1294-1316 with...
- PUTTEN
- Nicolaas (III) of Putten......................1294-1311
- A fief of Holland..................................1307-1459
- To Putten.....................................1294/1316-1459
- To Holland but not annexed.........................1459-1477
- CAPET-BURGUNDY
- Charles the Rash (d. of Burgundy, c. of Holland etc.)...1459-1477
- He ruled Strijen and Putten as an apanage.
- to Holland directly thereafter...
VELSEN A small
lordship – restricted to its castle and immediate environment -
in the coastal dune area of North-Holland, near the western outlet of
the present North Sea Channel, which connects Amsterdam with the North
Sea, 25 km west of Amsterdam, around the present village of Velsen. Its
lords ruled (one half of ) the lordship of
Waterland from the 13th
century until 1353/72.
- PERSIJN
-
Jan (existence uncertain)......................fl. 1080
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Arnoud Spiker I (Spicar, Spijker)..............fl. 1145 or 1130-1161
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Dirk......................................fl. 1162-1167
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Jan I..........................................fl. 1204 d. 1224 with... ?
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Arnoud Spiker II..........................fl. 1204-1206/10
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Nicolaas I................................fl. 1224-c. 1237 d.1255
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Jan II (Waterland until 1282; ½ Waterland 1282-1283; lord of Amsterdam 1280-1282)...fl.1268-1282 d. 1283
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Nicolaas II (½ Waterland).................fl. 1283-1304
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Gerard van Velsen, one of the murderers of count Florence V of Holland
(1296), who didn’t escape the wrath of Florence’s
supporters, was lord of Beverwijk and Noordwijk, but didn’t
belong to the Persijn family. Preferable is Gerard van Noordwijk,
called Van Velsen
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Jan III the Younger (½ Waterland).............1304-1353
- HAARLEM(- BERGEN)
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Goede (fem.)...................................1353-1386
- HAAMSTEDE
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Floris (III)..................................1386-1391 d(>)1431
- NIJENRODE
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Gijsbrecht....................................1391-1396
- From 1396 Velsen has been in practice an untitled rural estate
VOORNE A lordship in the province of South-Holland
(ca. 23 miles - 36 km. - west of Rotterdam) which included the island
of (East-)Voorne, bordering the North Sea and the Haringvliet, and the
island of Goeree (formerly: West-Voorne), now a part of the island of
Goeree-Overflakkee. Its eastern border was the river Bernisse, which
separated Voorne from the island and lordship of Putten. The
first residence of its ruling family was the castle of Poortvliet
(island of Tholen), which was destroyed in 1204 by an army of Willem I
count of Holland. After their recovery, the lords of Voorne built a new
castle on the island of Voorne, where the village of Oostvoorne came
into being. Voorne wasn’t formally incorporated into the county
of Holland, but ruled as a polity - Bailliwick of Voorne - in personal
union with the county of Holland. Names, dates and order of some of the
first lords of Voorne between Hugo I and Hugo IV are uncertain.
- Hugo I.........................................fl. 1108
- Floris I ?
- Hugo II ? ......................................d. 1135 ? or < 1156 ?
- Floris II.................................fl. 1156-betw. 1174/79
- Hugo III.................................fl. betw. 1177/89 d. <1189 ? with...
- Dirk I.................................fl. 1174/79-1189 with...
- Hugo......................................fl. 1174-1189 d. 1189
- Lord of the parish ‘Putten along the Striene’, vassal of Dirk I
- Partitioned between itself and Putten
- Hugo IV (castellan of Zeeland)............fl. 1198-1204 deposed
- To Holland....................................1204-< 1213
- Hugo IV (castellan of Zeeland) (restored).. < 1213-1213/6
- Dirk II (castellan/burggraaf of Zeeland)....1213/6-1228
- Hendrik (burggraaf of Zeeland)................1229-1260/1
- Albrecht (burggraaf of Zeeland).............1260/1-1287
- Gerard (burggraaf of Zeeland).................1287-1337
- Catharina of Durbuy (burggravin of Zeeland?), regent 1287-96 d. 1328
- Janne (fem.) (bggn. of Zeeland; l. of Bergen-op-Zoom ? -1349)...1337-1349 with...
- VALKENBURG
- Jan (lord of Valkenburg 1346-1352)............1342-1349 d. 1352
- VOORNE
- Machteld (fem.) (burggravin of Zeeland)........1349-1372
- To Holland....................................1372-1503
- An apanage for members of the countal house of Holland 1403-1503
- WITTELSBACH
- Jan (III) (co. of Holland 1418-25; opposed Jacquette; see Hainault)...1403-1425
- LUXEMBURG (Limburg-Arlon)
- Elisabeth of Görlitz (dss. of Luxemburg)...1425-1433 d. 1451
- WITTELSBACH
- Jacquette (css. of Holland etc. 1417-28)...1433-1436
- BORSELEN
- Frank....................................1436-1470
- CAPET-BURGUNDY
- Charles the Rash (d. of Burgundy, co. of Holland etc.)...1470-1477
- PLANTAGENET-YORK
- Margaret.................................1478-1503
- Sister of King Edward IV of England, she was the widow of Charles the Rash
- To Holland directly thereafter...
WATERLAND A
lordship in the eastern half of the province of North-Holland, to the
north of the city of Amsterdam, from the IJ to West-Frisia, a peaty
area dissected by much open water.
-
To the bishopric of Utrecht.........11th century ?-1st half 13th century ?
-
To Velsen..................1st half 13th century ?-1282
- PERSIJN
-
Jan (II)..................................fl. 1268-1282
-
Half to Holland 1282, remainder enfeoffed to Holland...1282-1353/71-2
-
Jan (II) (restored)......................1282-1283 d. 1283
-
Nicolaas (II)........................fl. 1283-1304
-
Jan (III) the Younger....................1304-1353
-
The Persijn share of Waterland to Holland but not annexed as such 1353-1372. See also, Velsen.
-
Catharina (fem.) (titular lady)...........1353-1371/2 with...
- WEZEMAAL
-
Willem (titular lord)......................d. 1372
-
The Persijn share of Waterland annexed by Holland 1372, contested by...
-
Gijsbrecht van Nijenrode (relative in the female line) 1373 d. 1396 and by...
-
Goede van Haarlem(-Bergen) (relative in the female line) d. 1386
WOERDEN The present city of Woerden, situated 25 miles (40
km.) east of The Hague and 11 miles (18 km.) west of Utrecht, arose
around the Woerden Castle, which was built in 1159 or 1160 by the
bishop of Utrecht to defend the western border of his territory against
the county of Holland. The commander of the castle was a servant
(ministerialis) of the bishop, called castellanus (castellan, lord of the castle), but he titled himself from 1165 also as dominus de Worthen(e).
The lordship of Woerden was finally annexed by Holland (1317) but
afterwards continued incidentally as an appanage or as a pawn.
- A fief of the bishopric of Utrecht.........c. 1000-1278/79
- Herman I .........................fl. 1131 (? 1127-1133 ?)
- Herman II ................................fl. 1165-1186
- Herman III the Elder.......................... fl. c. 1220
- Herman IV the Younger..................fl. c. 1220-1227 d. 1227
- Herman V .....................................1227-1252 > d. < 1257 (or 1227-68)
- Herman VI (deposed and banished)..............1268-1296 d. 1303 >
- He was one of the murderers of count Florence V of Holland and forfeited his lordship of Woerden.
- Enfeoffed to Holland........................1278/9-1296
- To Holland but not annexed....................1296-1317
- Wolfert van Borselen..........................1299
- Guy of Avesnes (bp. of Utrecht 1301-17)..1300-1317
- To Holland from 1317
- direct rule by Holland........................1317-1346
- Jan Aelman of Avesnes....................1346-1389
- Appanaged illegitimate son of count Willem III of Holland
- direct rule by Holland........................1389-1405
- WITTELSBACH
- John of Bavaria..........................1405-1425
- Appanaged ; bishop of Liege 1389-1418; opposed countess Jacquette 1417-1425; see Holland
- direct rule by Holland........................1425-1558
- In
1558 Woerden was pawned to Erik II, Duke of Braunschweig-Calenburg, and
he held the town for the rest of his life. When he died in 1584, the
terms of the lien were disputed by the Estates General of the United
Provinces, Julius of Braunschweig-Wolfenbuttel, and two illegitimate
children of Eric's - Wilhelm and Katharina of Braunschweig-Calenburg.
Ultimately, the United Provinces forfeited the lien in 1589, and the
dispute continued between various Braunschweig dynasts. In 1599, the
United Provinces returned to the issue when Heinrich Julius
of Wolfenbüttel sold his interest to Philipp, count of
Hohenlohe-Neuenstein and his wife Maria, eldest daughter of Willem of
Orange. When she died in 1616, the Estates General moved to take
control of the debt and the city once and for all.
- WELF
- Erik (II), d. of Braunschweig-Calenberg..1558-1584
- Julius, d. of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel..1584-1589 opposed by...
- Wilhelm of Braunschweig-Calenberg........1584-1585 (1589?) and...
- Katharina of Braun.-Calenberg....1585 (1589?)-1606 and...
- Heinrich Julius, d. of B.-Wolfenbüttel...1589-1599 d. 1613
- HOHENLOHE-NEUENSTEIN
- Philipp of Hohenlohe-Neuenstein..........1599-1606 with...
- NASSAU(-Orange)
- Maria of Nassau..........................1599-1616
- Lien removed, Woerden to Holland from 1617...
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